Tham khảo Nikolai_Ivanovich_Lobachevsky

  1. This is the date given by V. F. Kagan's 1957 book N. Lobachevsky and His Contribution to Science (first published in Russian in 1943), p. 26, and A. A. Andronov's 1956 article "Где и когда родился Н.И.Лобачевский" ("Where and when was Lobachevsky born?") (the latter gives 1 December [lịch cũ 20 November] năm 1792).
  2. Older sources in Russian—e.g., A. F. Popov, "Воспоминания о службе и трудах проф. Казанского университета Н. И. Лобачевского" ("Memoirs of the Service and Work of N. I. Lobachevsky"), 1857—give 1793 rather than 1972, while the Dictionary of Scientific Biography (1970) gives ngày 2 tháng 12 năm 1792. Further information on Lobachevsky's birthdate can be found in: Athanase Papadopoulos (ed.), Nikolai I. Lobachevsky. Pangeometry, European Mathematical Society. 2010, pp. 206–7.
  3. See "К 150-летию со дня смерти Н.И.Лобачевского" ("On the 150th anniversary of the death of N. Lobachevsky") by G. M. Polotovsky, PDF page 3: "Н.И.Лобачевский родился в Макарьевском уезде Нижегородской губернии в 1793 году" (quoting A. F. Popov (1857)); page 4: "[В.Ф.Каган (1943)] местом рождения называет Макарьев".
  4. Other sources in Russian—e.g., A. A. Andronov (1956)—give the city of Nizhny Novgorod rather than the Governorate as his birthplace; see also Lobachevsky's biography at the website of the Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod State University Museum and Andrey Kalinin's article "Чье имя носит университет" ("After whose name the University has been named").
  5. 1 2 Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky tại Dự án Phả hệ Toán học
  6. Athanase Papadopoulos (ed.), Nikolai I. Lobachevsky. Pangeometry, European Mathematical Society. 2010, p. 208.
  7. Bell, E. T. (1986). Men of Mathematics. Touchstone Books. tr. 294. ISBN 978-0-671-62818-5.  Author attributes this quote to another mathematician, William Kingdon Clifford.
  8. This is a quote from G. B. Halsted's translator's preface to his 1914 translation of The Theory of Parallels: "What Vesalius was to Galen, what Copernicus was to Ptolemy that was Lobachevsky to Euclid." — W. K. Clifford
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Victor J. Katz. A history of mathematics: Introduction. Addison-Wesley. 2009. p. 842.
  10. 1 2 3 Stephen Hawking. God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs that Changed History. Running Press. 2007. pp. 697–703.
  11. Ivan Maksimovich Lobachevsky (Jan Łobaczewski in Polish) came from a Polish noble family of JastrzębiecŁada coats of arms, and was classified as a Pole in Russian official documents; Jan Ciechanowicz. Mikołaj Łobaczewski - twórca pangeometrii. Rocznik Wschodni. Issue 7–9. 2002. p. 163.
  12. Bardi, Jason (2008). The Fifth Postulate: How Unraveling a Two Thousand Year Old Mystery Unraveled the Universe. John Wiley & Sons. tr. 186. ISBN 978-0-470-46736-7. His stubbornness, reported atheism, and genius supported his rise as a champion of the proletariat. To the Soviets, Lobachevsky represented not just the greatness of the common man, emerging from a humble background as he did, he also was a revolutionary of sorts. 
  13. “The History of Science”. Soviet Science. Taylor & Francis. tr. 329. Though Lobachevsky appears to have invented non-Euclidean geometry without the help of the Almighty, he built a church on the instructions of the University council. It is said that he was an atheist.  ||ngày truy cập= cần |url= (trợ giúp)

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Nikolai_Ivanovich_Lobachevsky http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&... http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?... http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119131858 http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119131858 http://www.idref.fr/026992272 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n84802726 http://books.google.gr/books?id=p15epMkyx0UC&dq= http://d-nb.info/gnd/118573691 http://opac.sbn.it/opacsbn/opac/iccu/scheda_author... http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01180655?l=en